Momwe Mungasankhire Zida za Cylinder? Kusankha Njira Yopangira Zida Za Cylinder

Posankha zigawo za pneumatic, silinda ndi mfundo yofunika kwambiri, koma kusankha kwa zipangizo zomwe zimayenda nazo sikusamala. Mwachitsanzo, ma valve solenoid, throttle valves, malo oyandama, ndi zina zotero, zonsezi ndizinthu zooneka ngati zazing'ono zomwe zimakhudza ntchito.

(1) Ngati pali njira yosankha mopusayamphamvuzowonjezera, tebulo losankhira la zowonjezera za silinda ndi imodzi mwa izo, monga momwe zasonyezedwera mu Table 2-6. Malingana ngati nkhani yosankha actuator (silinda) yathetsedwa, zina zonse zimatha kufananizidwa molingana ndi tebulo. Mwachitsanzo, ngati silinda ya CQ2-20-10 yasankhidwa, ndizosavuta kusankha zida zina, monga solenoid valve SY3000 (kapena SY5000), valve control valve (mtundu wa chigongono) AS2201F-M5-06, cholumikizira choyandama JB20-5-030, Φ, ndi zina.

(2) Kusankhidwa kwa ma Vavu Owongolera (ma valve solenoid) Ma valve owongolera, monga masiwichi ozungulira (othandizira kusintha pakati papano ndi kuzimitsa), amathandizira kusintha "kuyatsa" ndi "kuzimitsa" maiko a mpweya woponderezedwa mu silinda. Ma valve a solenoid ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazida zodzipangira okha (mfundo yofunika), ndipo nthawi zina ma valve amakina amagwiritsidwanso ntchito, monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 2-29.

Tengani valavu ya solenoid monga chitsanzo. Njira yosankhidwa ikuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 2.30, koma m'ntchito yeniyeni, imakhala yokhazikika. Mwachitsanzo, ngati silinda yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri (silinda m'mimba mwake) sikusintha kwambiri, palibe chifukwa chobwereza kusankha kwa valavu ya solenoid nthawi zonse.

Kusankhidwa kwa ma valve a solenoid

Chithunzi 2 · 30 Kusankhidwa kwa ma valve solenoid

1) Chitsanzo cha valve ya Solenoid. Chitsanzo ndi chinthu chakuthupi cha valve solenoid chikuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 2.31.

2) Solenoid vavu mndandanda. Kusankhidwa kwa ma valve a solenoid makamaka kumachokera ku kutuluka kwa mpweya wofunikira pakugwira ntchito kwa silinda (ndiko kuti, kumbali imodzi, kumatsimikizira kuti malo ogwira ntchito a valve akugwirizana ndi a silinda yogwira ntchito; Komano, pamene kuthamanga kwa silinda yofananira kumakwaniritsidwa, mwachitsanzo, pamene kuthamanga kwa silinda kupitirira 5000mm / 5000mm / 5000mm. otchulidwa mu Chithunzi 2-32 Ma cylinders omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zamagetsi nthawi zambiri sakhala aakulu, choncho mndandanda wa SY ndiwofanana kwambiri Ngati mphamvu yaikulu ikufunika, monga silinda yokhala ndi Φ125mm, mndandanda wina (monga mndandanda wa VQ) ukhoza kusankhidwa.

3) Control ntchito. Pali mitundu iwiri yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ya mavavu awiri-malo asanu-wanjira ya solenoid: imodzi-yozungulira ndi iwiri-yozungulira. Ntchito zawo zowongolera ndizosiyana. Ambiri amatenga ma koyilo aŵiri-kuteteza kugwiritsiridwa ntchito molakwika kapena ngozi zachitetezo chifukwa cha kulephera kwa magetsi kwa zida, monga momwe zasonyezedwera mu Gulu 2-7.

Chitsanzo ndi chinthu chakuthupi cha valve solenoid

Chithunzi 2 · 31 Chitsanzo ndi chinthu chakuthupi cha valve solenoid

Tebulo logwirizana la mavavu a solenoid ndi masilindala

Chithunzi 2-32 Gome logwirizana la valavu ya solenoid ndi silinda

Mitundu yamapaipi a mavavu a solenoid ndi awa: a ') (a) mtundu wapaipi wolunjika b) mtundu wa mapaipi apansi

Chithunzi 2 · 33 Mapaipi amitundu yamapaipi a solenoid a ') (a) Mtundu wamapaipi olunjika b) Mtundu wa mapaipi apansi

Table 2.7 Kusintha Njira Zamagetsi a Solenoid

4) Pazida zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi, DC24V imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, ndipo AC110V imagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Nthawi zina, amagwiritsidwa ntchito mocheperapo, monga momwe tawonetsera mu Gulu 2-8.

Table 2.8 Mafotokozedwe a Magetsi a Solenoid Valves

5) Njira yotulukira pawaya{1}}. Njira zamawaya a ma valve solenoid zimaphatikizapo mtundu wa mzere wotuluka mwachindunji, L-mtundu kapena M-mtundu wa soketi wamtundu, mtundu wa socket wa DIN, ndi mtundu wa socket network. Malinga ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana, njira yolumikiziranayi iyenera kusankhidwa. Munthawi yanthawi zonse, mavavu ang'onoang'ono a solenoid, mtundu wotuluka mwachindunji ndi L-mtundu kapena M-mtundu wa soketi amasankhidwa. Mavavu akulu a solenoid ndi amtundu wotuluka mwachindunji ndi mtundu wa socket wa DIN.

6) Fomu yopopera. Pali njira ziwiri zamapaipi a mavavu a solenoid: mtundu wa mapaipi olunjika ndi mtundu wa mapaipi apansi, monga momwe tawonera pa Chithunzi 2-33. Nthawi zambiri, pakakhala masilinda ambiri pazida, mtundu wa mapaipi apansi amagwiritsidwa ntchito, monga momwe zikusonyezera pazithunzi 2.34 ndi 2-35. Ma valve angapo a solenoid amalumikizidwa palimodzi kudzera pa mabasi, ndipo mabasi amathanso kulumikizidwa mndandanda. Mwanjira iyi, njira ya gasi ndi mawaya zimakhazikika kwambiri, zomwe ndi zabwino pakuyika chitoliro ndi waya.

Njira yopangira mapaipi azitsulo zoyambira za solenoid (Gawo Loyamba)

Chithunzi 2-34 Njira Yopangira Mapaipi a mbale yoyambira ya Solenoid Valve (Gawo Loyamba)

Njira yopangira mapaipi azitsulo zoyambira za solenoid (Gawo Lachiwiri)

Chithunzi 2 · 35 Njira Yopangira Mapaipi a Plate yoyambira ya Solenoid Valve (Gawo Lachiwiri)

7) Chitoliro awiri. Valavu iliyonse ya solenoid ili ndi m'mimba mwake ya chitoliro. Ena atha kupereka kukula kopitilira m'mimba mwake komwe mungasankhe. Kukula kwake kungathe kuganiziridwa momveka bwino kutengera kukula kwa chitoliro choyenera kwa actuator (onani pa tebulo loyenera m'kabukhu).

8) Ngati mukufuna (onani Gulu 2-9)

Table 2.9 Zosankha za Solenoid Valve Selection

(3) Kusankhidwa kwa-mavavu a njira imodzi (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti zolumikizira liwiro kapena ma valve owongolera liwiro) : Kuthamanga kwa silinda piston makamaka kumadalira kuthamanga kwa mpweya woponderezedwa mu silinda, kukula kwa madoko a silinda ndi utsi, ndi kukula kwa chitoliro chamkati mwake. Kuthamanga kwa silinda nthawi zambiri kumakhala 50 mpaka 1000mm / s. Kwa masilinda omwe amayenda mwachangu-, chitoliro cholowetsa chokulirapo chamkati chiyenera kusankhidwa. Ngati palibe chofunikira pakuwongolera liwiro, kulumikizana mwachangu kumasankhidwa. Ngati pakufunika kuwongolera liwiro, kuthamanga-kulumikizana kumasankhidwa nthawi zambiri. The speed control joint ndi valve control valve yopangidwa ndi cheki valavu (yotheka ndi imodzi-way sealing ring) ndi throttle valve in parallel. Ili ndi mawonekedwe oyenda bwino kwambiri ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kuwongolera kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa silinda ndi zinthu zina zoyendetsera (zofanana ndi kuwongolera liwiro). Kapangidwe ka mkati kakuwoneka pachithunzi 2-36. Pamalo olumikizira liwiro la valavu M5 ndi pansi, kusindikiza kwa gasket kumatengedwa, kotero palibe chifukwa chokulunga tepi yosindikiza. Komabe, pamisonkhano ya Rc yokhala ndi ma valve akulu kuposa M5, sealant imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Ngati yatha kapena kugwa (monga maulumikizidwe akale owongolera liwiro), tepi yosindikizira iyenera kukulungidwa ikagwiritsidwanso ntchito; apo ayi, mpweya ukhoza kuchitika. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito tepi yosindikizira, mutu wa ulusi uyenera kusiyidwa ndi 1.5 mpaka 2. Kokhotera kwa tepi yosindikizira ikuwonetsedwa pa Chithunzi 2-37. Liwiro-regulating joint lagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri: intake throttling ndi exhaust throttling, monga momwe zikusonyezedwera pa Chithunzi 2-38. Zomwe zimatchedwa kuti intake throttling zikutanthauza kuti kulowetsedwa kungasinthidwe kukula kwake ndipo kutulutsa sikukuyendetsedwa. Zomwe zimatchedwa exhaust throttling zimasonyeza kuti kukula kwa mpweya wotulutsa mpweya kungasinthidwe ndipo mpweya wotsekemera suyendetsedwa. Kuyerekeza kukuwonetsedwa mu Table 2-10. Nthawi zambiri, valavu yotulutsa mpweya imagwiritsidwa ntchito (yomwe ili ndi ubwino pakugwira ntchito, makamaka pazochitika zowonongeka). Zoonadi, izi sizikutanthauza kuti valavu yowonongeka ndiyopanda ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, mu silinda imodzi yokha (kubwerera kwa kasupe), ngati liwiro lowonjezera liyenera kusinthidwa, ndikofunikira kuyembekezera kuti kudya (kugonjetsa mphamvu yotambasula kuti iwonjezere) kungasinthidwe kukula kwake. Kugwiritsa ntchito valavu yotulutsa mpweya sikungathe kukwaniritsa cholinga chowongolera liwiro.

Kapangidwe ka mkati mwa liwiro-zolumikizana zowongolera ndi njira yokhotakhota ya tepi yosindikiza

Kutulutsa mphamvu ndi kutulutsa mpweya

Chithunzi 2.38 Kuthamanga kwa mpweya komanso kutsekemera kwapakamwa

Table 2.10 Table Yofananitsa ya Exhaust Throttling and Intake Throttling

Ziyenera kutsindika kuti pokonza liwiro la actuator, mgwirizano wowongolera liwiro uyenera kutsegulidwa pang'onopang'ono kuchokera kumalo otsekedwa kwathunthu kuti ateteze actuator kuti atuluke mwadzidzidzi. Mukamangitsa nati wa loko yolumikizira liwiro, ziyenera kuchitidwa mwachindunji ndi dzanja (osagwiritsa ntchito zida).

(4) Kusankhidwa kwa zigawo zina (zitatu-mu-zophatikiza chimodzi, hydraulic buffer, floating joint, etc.)

Kusankhidwa kwa zigawo zina

1) Zitatu-mu-zophatikiza chimodzi (Filler, Regulator, Lubricator,FRL). Mpweya woponderezedwa wochokera ku mpweya wa compressor uli ndi zowononga zambiri monga chinyezi, mafuta ndi fumbi. Chinyezi chimakhudza kwambiri zigawo za pneumatic. Zingayambitse dzimbiri pazitsulo za mapaipi, kuzizira kwa madzi, kuwonongeka kwa mafuta odzola komanso kutulutsa mafuta. Zinyalala za dzimbiri ndi fumbi zimatha kuwononga mbali zomwe zikuyenda, kufulumizitsa kuwonongeka kwa zisindikizo, ndikupangitsa kuti mpweya utayike. Mafuta amadzimadzi, madzi ndi fumbi zomwe zimatulutsidwa pa doko lotayirira zimatha kuwononga chilengedwe komanso kukhudza mtundu wazinthu. Zitatu-mu-zophatikiza chimodzi zokhala ndi fyuluta ya mpweya, valavu yochepetsera kuthamanga ndi mafuta opaka mafuta (onani Chithunzi 2-39) angathandize kuti mpweya wopanikiza ukhale wabwino. Nthawi zambiri, chipangizo chilichonse chimafunika kukhala nacho, monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 2-40.

2) Mgwirizano woyandama. Monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 2.41, ndi ulalo wolumikiza silinda ndi makinawo. Zimabwera m'njira zosiyanasiyana ndipo zitha kugulidwa zokonzeka-zopanga kapena kuzipanga nokha. Sizololedwa kukonza mwachindunji ndodo ya silinda pa gawo losuntha, chifukwa silinda imatha kukhala yokhazikika kapena yokhazikika, potero imafulumizitsa kuvala (mofanana ndi mfundo yakuti kugwirizana kumafunika kugwirizana pakati pa galimoto yamagetsi ndi shaft). M'mapangidwe enieni, -malumikizidwe odzipangira okha amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri, monga momwe zikusonyezedwera pa Chithunzi 2-42, chomwe chili chofanana ndi kapangidwe ka malo oyandama. Ndiko kuonetsetsa kuti pali kulumikizana kosakhazikika pakati pa ndodo ya silinda ndi makinawo. Komabe, tisaiwale kuti polumikiza pisitoni ndodo mapeto a yamphamvu SMC, chidwi pang'ono ayenera kuperekedwa kwa specifications ulusi. Ulusi wamkati nthawi zambiri umakhala ulusi wokhuthala ndipo umatha kumangidwa ndi zomangira wamba kapena mtedza. Komabe, ulusi wakunja ndi wosiyana ndi M10. Ulusi wogwirizana nawo uyenera kulembedwa pagawo lojambulira, monga ML0x1.25, M14X1.5, ndi zina zotero. Kuti muchepetse kuchuluka kwa ntchito yokonzanso, ndikwabwino kumangoyang'ana kalozera. 3) hydraulic buffer. Silinda ikayima kumapeto kwa sitiroko yake, ngati palibe kuphulika kwakunja kapena malire, pisitoni ndi chivundikiro chomaliza zidzakhudza. Kuti muchepetse mphamvu yamphamvu ndikuchepetsa phokoso, chipangizo chotchinga nthawi zambiri chimafunika: pamakina ambiri a silinda, chotchinga (hydraulic) chowonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 2-43 chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchepetsa kukhudzidwa ndikutsitsa phokoso. Opanga ena angokhazikitsa muyezo wopangira kuti "njira zonse zokhala ndi silinda zigwiritse ntchito zotchingira", zomwe zikuwonetsa momwe zimathandizire kukhazikika kwa makinawo.

Zitatu-mu{1}}zophatikiza chimodzi zomwe chida chilichonse chodziyimira pawokha chiyenera kukonzedwa nacho

Chithunzi 2-40 Zophatikiza zitatu-zophatikizana chimodzi zomwe chida chilichonse chodziyimira pawokha chiyenera kukonzedwa

Chithunzi 2-43 Hydraulic buffer

M'malo mwake, sikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito ma hydraulic buffers kulikonse. Kaya bafa ikufunika kuwonjezeredwa makamaka zimadalira kukula kwa mphamvu (yokhudzana ndi mphamvu ya kinetic, yomwe imatsimikiziridwa ndi kulemera ndi liwiro la chinthu), osati kukula kwa silinda. Onani Gulu 2-11.

Table 2.11 Mafomu a Buffer ndi Mikhalidwe Yawo Yoyenera

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