I. Core ntchito yaMa valves solenoid
Chigwa cha Sokonoid, monga gawo lofunikira pa electro {{0} kutembenuka, mapewa akutembenukira ku magetsi osintha bwino. Mukalandira malangizo owongolera, valavu ya solenoid imatha kumasulidwa, siyani kuwongolera mpweya, poyerekeza ndi kuwongolera kopitilira muyeso, komanso / kapena / ndi zowongolera. Mwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma valvesive a solenoid, valavu yowongolera yowongolera yowongolera imagwira malo apadera ndikuchita mbali yofunika.
Ii. Malangizo Ogwira Ntchito Yachitetezo Chowongolera
Mu ma pneumatic dongosolo, valavu yowongolera yamagetsi imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri. Ili ndi udindo wowongolera kutsegulidwa ndi kutseka kwa njira yoyenda kapena kusintha njira yolowera mpweya. Khalidwe lake logwira ntchito limadalira mphamvu yamagetsi yopangidwa ndi coil wamagetsi. Mphamvu iyi imayendetsa bwino valavu kuti musinthe, potero kukwaniritsa cholinga chobwezeretsanso mpweya. Malinga ndi njira zosiyanasiyana momwe gawo loyang'anira zamagetsi limasunthira valavu yowongolera, mavesi a electromagnetic amatha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: - Patsani -}}}}
Chithunzi 1 chikuwonetsa gawo losavuta {{1} (3 {3 {ma 4}} Ngati coil imapatsidwa mphamvu, chizinga chokhazikika chikapereka mphamvu yamagetsi, ndipo mphamvu iyi imakankhira m'chipinda cholowera m'mwamba. Pamene valavu imakwera, thumba limakweza madoko 1 ndi 2 pomwe akupukuta madoko 2 ndi 3. Pakadali pano, valavu ili munthawi yazakudya ndipo imatha kuwongolera kusuntha kwa silinda. Mphamvu ikadulidwa, valavu ya valavu idzadalira mphamvu yobwezeretsanso komweko, ndiye kuti, madoko 1 ndi 2 amalumikizidwa pomwe madoko 2 ndi 3 amalumikizidwa. Mwanjira imeneyi, valavu ili pamalo otopa.
Chithunzi 2 chikuwonetsa gawo losavuta {{1} ({isanu {isanu}}} Mu boma koyambirira, kudya kwa mpweya kumachitika kudzera pa madoko 1 ndi 2, pomwe kutayikika kumachitika kudzera pa madoko 4 ndi 5. Pomwe coil imapatsidwa mphamvu, concin core core imapanga mphamvu yamagetsi. Mphamvu iyi imayendetsa valavu yoyendetsa ndege kuti igwire ntchito, kenako ndikukakamizidwa mpweya kumalowa pisi yoyendetsa ndege ya valavu ya valavu yodutsa mlengalenga, ndikupangitsa pisitoni kuyamba. Pakati pa piston, magombe ozungulira amatsegula njirayo. Pakadali pano, mpweya umayamba kuchokera pa madoko 1 ndi 4, pomwe mpweya umachotsedwa pamadoko 2 ndi 3. Mphamvu ikadulidwa, valavu yoyendetsa ndege imangobwezeretsanso momwe kasupe amabwerera.
Kenako, tiyeni tikambirane za ntchito ya solenoid valavu. Ntchito ya valavu yamagetsi imayimiriridwa ndi manambala awiri: m ndi n, omwe amatchedwa M {1} vvalmagnetic. Pakati pawo, "n udindo" umayimira kusintha kwa valavu yowongolera yowongolera, ndiye kuti mkhalidwe wa valavu. Chiwerengero cha ma valve ndi mtengo wa n. Valavu iwiri vuri ili ndi zinthu ziwiri zokha, zomwe zilipo, zili ndi mayiko awiri. Ma Valove Atatu a {8 {8 {8} "Msewu" ukuonetsa kuchuluka kwa mawonekedwe akunja a valavu, kuphatikiza mpweya wolowera, mpweya wotuluka ndi matelo. Kuchuluka kwa njira ndi phindu la M.
Tenga valavu ya Chithunzi 1 monga chitsanzo. Ndi a 3/2 mwachindunji {{4} Nthawi yomweyo, ili ndi madoko atatu a mpweya: 1 ndi malo osungira mpweya, 2 ndiye malo ogulitsira, ndipo 3 ndi doko lotopetsa.
Kusanthula kwa solenoid valavu
Kumanzere kumanzere kwa chithunzi cha gasi, chizindikiro chakumanzere nthawi zambiri chimayimira pansi masika. Gawo lapakati ndi thupi la valavu, yomwe ili ndi chidziwitso chofunikira kuti mudziwe mtundu wa solenoid valavu. Mwachitsanzo, mabokosi awiriwa m'chiwonetserochi akuwonetsa kuti uwu ndi lly lly lly sopoid svalve, pomwe / r / p / s / p Chifukwa chake, valve uyu ndi malo awiri {5} {{6} vvalve. Mofananamo, titha kudziwa kuchuluka kwa ma bits ndi chiwerengero cha magawo a solenoid valavu yolemba mabowo ndi kuchuluka kwa mabokosi.
Kuphatikiza apo, chithunzi chamagesi chimawonetsanso njira zopangira gasi pomwe mphamvu imachokapo ndipo ikafika. Mphamvu ikadulidwa, njira ya mlengalenga imalowa mkati mwa dzenje p, zomwe zimachitika padzenje la A, kenako ndikumadutsa m'dzenje b, pomwe dzenje r limatsekedwa. Mukalowetsedwa, njirayi imalowanso kuchokera ku dzenje p, koma panthawiyi, mpweya umatulutsidwa kuchokera kudzenje la R, ndipo pomaliza kutulutsidwa ndi dzenje r, pomwe mable s atsekedwa.
Gawo loyenerera la Chithunzi 3 Nthawi zambiri limayimira ma coil kapena woyendetsa ndege, omwe amagwira ntchito yofunikira pakugwira ntchito kwa solenoid. Mwa kutanthauzira zojambula izi, titha kumvetsetsa bwino mfundo za ntchito ya solenoid ndi ntchito ya mpweya pansi pamikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana.
Chithunzi 4 chikuwonetsa chithunzithunzi chamagetsi cha ma pneumatic solenoid valavu. Chithunzi chamagetsi chowoneka bwino ndiye chinsinsi chomvetsetsa mfundo yogwira ntchito valavu yamagetsi. Zikuwonetsa bwino coil, kulumikizana, komanso ubale wolumikizirana ndi zigawo zamagetsi. Poona chithunzi chamagetsi chowoneka bwino, titha kumvetsetsa zakusintha zamagetsi za solenoid valavu ikakhala yoyendetsedwa ndikutuluka, potero bwinonso.
Iv. Kusankhidwa kwa osakwatiwa -}}
Mlandu wolamulira wamagetsi wolamulira solenoid, dzina lake monga momwe dzina lake limasonyezera, lili ndi coil imodzi yokha. Mukamayenda, zidzasintha ndikulowa mkhalidwe wina. Mphamvu ikadulidwa, imangobwerera ku State State. Mfundo yogwira ntchito ikuwonetsedwa pa Chithunzi 5. Mosiyana ndi izi, elect electro {{4} Mwa kuwongolera madera ophatikizika a ma coils osiyanasiyana, imatha kukwaniritsa mawiti angapo ndikusungabe boma litachokapo, monga akuwonetsera chithunzi.
Ziwerengero 5 ndi 6 zikuwonetsa zofunikira za - Mukamasankha, ngati nthawi yosinthira valavu imakhala yochepa, imodzi {{{5} Komabe, ngati nthawi yoyandikirana itakhala nthawi yayitali, ndalamayo iyenera kupatsidwa mphamvu mosalekeza, yomwe ingapangitse chimfine mpaka kutentha kwa nthawi yayitali. Kuti mupewe izi, valavu yowonjezera {{9} imatha kusankhidwa. Kuphatikiza apo, ngati ntchito yokonzanso iyenera kuchitika pambuyo poti mphamvu yamphamvu ya solenoid ndiyoyenera kwambiri. Ngati ndikofunikira kukhalabe ndi vuto lamphamvu pambuyo pa mphamvu yamphamvu yamphamvu, yowonjezera pawiri {12}
V. Kusamvana ndi mapulogalamu pakati pa woyendetsa ndege-
Pakati pa mitundu ya solenoid valavu, woyendetsa - {mwachindunji} Amasiyana pakugwira ntchito ndi zochitika za ntchito. Pilot - Kusiyanaku kumapangitsa mitundu iwiri ya solelenoid kukhala ndi zabwino zonse kukhala ndi zabwino zawo poyankha zofuna zosiyanasiyana zamakampani. Mwachitsanzo, pamachitidwe ena omwe amafunikira kuyankha mwachangu komanso chidwi chachikulu, {{8 {{pa 8} Muzochitika zomwe kuwongolera bwino komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi kumafunikira, woyendetsa ndege {({{10})
Mapangidwe a kapangidwe kake ka nduna mwachindunji {{0} Mfundo zawo zogwirira ntchito zimadalira kwambiri electromagnetic tource to drive mwachindunji. Komabe, kapangidwe kameneka kumakhalanso ndi zolakwa ziwiri zazikulu. Choyamba, chifukwa chofunikira kwambiri kwa mphamvu yamagetsi, kuchuluka kwa coil yamagetsi kumawonjezeka moyenerera, yomwe kumapangitsa kumwa kwambiri mphamvu. Kachiwiri, mwachindunji - Zigwa zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zovuta. Kupanikizika kumapitilira malire ena (kawirikawiri pa 0.7mA), ambiri mwachindunji - Izi zimachitika makamaka chifukwa cha kukakamizidwa kwambiri kumagwira ntchito pachimake, kumapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kwa mphamvu yamagetsi kuti iyendetse bwino bwino. Ngakhale izi, ndulitsa {{{{{{{{] {{
2. Woyendetsayo - adagwira ntchito solenoid valavu yopangidwa mwaluso. Imasiya zikhalidwe zamagetsi zamagetsi ndipo m'malo mwake imagwiritsa ntchito kupanikizika kwa mpweya kuti ayendetse bwino. Kwa ma valves a solenoid yokhala ndi mainchesi opitilira 4mm, nthawi zambiri amakhala opangidwa ndi valavu yoyendetsa ndege ndi valavu yayikulu. Pambuyo pa valavu ya solenoid ikapatsidwa mphamvu, valavu yoyendetsa ndege imatseguka ndikuwongolera kutseguka kwa valavu yayikulu kudutsa chizindikiro. Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti valavu yayikuluyo ndi ya valavu yolamulira, ndipo opaleshoni yake imafunikira machitidwe ogwirizanitsidwa ndi mpweya: imodzi ndiye gwero lalikulu la mpweya, ndipo winayo ndiye mphamvu yoyendetsa ndege.
Ngati gwero lalikulu la mpweya limapereka ndege kwa woyendetsa ndege kudzera mu gawo lamkati la solenoid, kapangidwe kameneka kamatchedwa mtundu wamkati. Ngati valavu yoyendetsa ndege imaperekedwa ndi mpweya kuchokera komwe munthu amadzidalira podzidalira podzidalira wamafuta, imatchedwa mtundu wakunja wa woyendetsa ndege wakunja. Pa Chithunzi 8, mbali yakumanzere ikuwonetsa chitsanzo cha woyendetsa ndege wakunja {3}
Kuyerekezera kwakuthupi pakati pa chitsogozo chamkati komanso chotsogolera chakunja chikuwonetsedwa.
Mitundu iwiriyi ya solenoid imayenda bwino, yomwe ndi yoyendetsa mkati ndi woyendetsa ndege wakunja, nthawi zambiri amakhala pachimodzimodzi. Nthawi zambiri, woyendetsa wothandizira wamkati amatha kale kukwaniritsa zosowa zambiri. Komabe, munthawi zina, mtsogoleri wakunja amakhala wofunika kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, pamene mpweya unakakamizidwa ndi valavu yayikuluyo kusinthana ndipo itha kutsika pansi pa 0.2MPA, kapena ikakhala yopanda chipilala, chifukwa Pakadali pano, gwero lodziyimira pawokha ndi kupanikizika kwambiri popititsa 0.2mbola amafunikira kuti agwiritse ntchito valavu yoyendetsa ndege. Kuphatikiza apo, pamene kusiyana pakati pa malo operekera mpweya ndi malo ogulitsira ndikofunikira, kapena pomwe woyendetsa ndegeyo atapitilira 1mmy, woyendetsa ndegeyo angafunikire kuyikapo kalikonse pa valavu yolimba. Woyendetsa wakunja amathetsa vutoli mwa kuyambitsa njira imodzi yopita ku doko la woyendetsa ndege popanda kufunika kowonjezera mavavala a enti enimaganti. chitoliro chokha cha mpweya chokha chomwe chikuyenera kuwonjezeredwa.
Pomaliza, woyendetsa ndege {{0} Ndiwosangalatsa ndikusunga malo okhazikitsa. Pakadali pano, imapanga kutentha kochepa ndipo imakhala ndi mphamvu yodabwitsa {3} kupulumutsa. Chofunika koposa, chifukwa cha mbadwo wochepa kutentha, coilyo siyitha kutentha ndipo imatha kutengera nthawi yayitali. Izi ndizofunikira kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, mphamvu ya zigwa zina za solenoid kuchokera ku SMC yachepetsedwa kukhala yotsika ngati 0.1w, yolimbikitsira mphamvu mosalekeza popanda kuthirira. Magetsi osiyanasiyana mwachindunji - Zigwa ndi 4 {{ Komanso, mphamvu pafupipafupi {{15} pangozi yotopa. Chifukwa chake, pamavuto omwe amapereka magetsi kwa nthawi yayitali kapena ku ma frequency apamwamba amafunikira, woyendetsa ndege. {18} M'malo mwake, ambiri mwa zitsulo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri masiku ano zimatengera woyendetsa ndege {19}. Pakati pa zivundi za solenoid zomwe zimangololeza madzi kuti adutse, ogwiritsa ntchito molunjika mogwirizana ndi omwe akugwirizana. Izi zimachitika makamaka chifukwa chakuti zodetsa m'madzi zitha kulanda njira zopapatiza.
Kenako, tidzadana ndi mitundu itatu ya atatu - Mtundu wamtunduwu wa solenoid amagwiritsa ntchito ma coils oyendetsa magetsi awiri. Pomwe palibe ma elekitikiti awiri a Electom aphatikizidwa, valavu ya valavu ikhale yolimba pansi pa kukankha kwa akasupe mbali zonse ziwiri. Pakadali pano, pa - panjira ya gasi mu solenoid valavu imatsimikizira mtundu wake {{9}; Tidzaunthula mfundozo ndi zochitika zamagwiritsidwe pa mitundu itatu iyi imodzi.
1.Anarisis a Dera Pakatikati: Makona awiriwo atalimbikitsidwa, kukakamizidwa kwa zipinda zakutsogolo ndi zakumbuyo kwa silindayo kudzakhalabe pamalowo pambuyo pa zowonjezera ndipo sizisintha. Nthawi yomweyo, zonse ziwiri za mpweya komanso zotulutsa zimatsekedwa. Komabe, kukhalabe ndi boma kwa nthawi yayitali kungachititse kuti asataye bwino chifukwa cha kutayikira pang'ono. Chithunzi chojambulidwa chikuwonetsedwa mu (Chithunzi 10).
Chifukwa cha kusokoneza mpweya ndi mfundo yoti zigawo zina za chibayo monga cylinders, ma strindes ophatikizika sangakhale omasuka kwathunthu, osakhazikika sangasungidwe pamtunda wautali kwa nthawi yayitali. Mkhalidwe woyenerawu udzatayika patapita nthawi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwambiri pakulondola kwa silinda. Komabe, chifukwa cha zinthu zomwe zimagwira ntchito zomwe zimapangitsa kuti sililali zisakakamizidwe kwambiri ndipo nthawi yoimilira ndi yochepa, pakati {mid {mid}}
2. Njira yotayikitsa: pomwe ena akometsedwe akodzola, palibe kukakamizidwa m'zipinda zakumbuyo ndi zakumbuyo kwa silinda, ndipo paulendo wakuimba atsekedwa nthawi yomweyo. Pakadali pano, kukakamizidwa ku zipinda zakumbuyo ndi zakumbuyo kwa silinda kumatulutsidwa kudzera pamadoko awiri otulutsa ma solenoid valavu. Mfundo yake yogwira ntchito ikhoza kutchulidwa pa Chithunzi 11.
Poyerekeza ndi Pakati -}} M'malo omwe disinder amafunika kusuntha molunjika, pakatikatikatikatikatikati {{4 {{{{{{5 {{5}
3. Kupanikizika kwapakati: Pakadali pano, kudya kwa mpweya kumakhala kotseguka pomwe kutulutsa kumatsekedwa. Mfundo yogwira ntchito ikuwonetsedwa pa Chithunzi 12.
Ngati silinda siligonjetsedwa ndi katundu wakunja, piston ikhalabe m'malo oyenera komanso moyenerera bwino panthawi iliyonse pa stroko. Makhalidwe a derayi amafunikira kuti silinda iyenera kuyikidwa molunjika. Chifukwa chake, mukugwira ntchito komwe kulimwamba {{2}:
